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Spouse-dominant decision making implies that


A) the husband makes the majority of the purchase decisions.
B) the wife makes the majority of the purchase decisions.
C) both the husband and the wife make the purchase decisions together.
D) the wife and the husband alternate with respect to their purchase decisions.
E) either the husband or the wife is primarily responsible for purchase decisions.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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You need to buy a gift for a young cousin's birthday. At the mall you see a girl wearing a Hello Kitty T-shirt. You remember there is a store nearby with a lot of Hello Kitty merchandise so you go there and buy a little backpack. When you give it to your cousin, she is very excited. In terms of behavioral learning, your purchase at the Hello Kitty store was a


A) drive.
B) response.
C) reinforcement.
D) cue.
E) prompt.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Elsa contends that she can taste the difference between fat-free cheeses and those with regular fat content. Elsa is exhibiting


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) selective retention.
C) stimulus discrimination.
D) selective comprehension.
E) stimulus generalization.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Name the five situational influences that affect the consumer purchase decision process.

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Situational influences include...

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Brand loyalty refers to


A) the group of brands that a consumer would consider acceptable from among all the brands in the product class of which he or she is aware.
B) a favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time.
C) a formalized agreement of a vendor to carry one brand over another because it views the quality of that brand to be superior to all others.
D) the willingness of consumers to try a new brand in a brand line based upon their satisfaction with other brands in the line.
E) the faith that other products manufactured by the same company with the same brand name will be of the same quality.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Five situational influences have an impact on a consumer's purchase decision process. They are __________, social surroundings, physical surroundings, temporal effects, and antecedent states.


A) competitive offerings
B) core values
C) perception
D) consumer socialization
E) purchase task

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Lifestyle refers to


A) the set of behaviors that is a result of spending one's time and money as one pleases.
B) a mode of living that is defined by one's personal moral philosophy.
C) the similar values, interests, and behaviors that members of society share.
D) a self-defined identification of belonging to a lower, lower-middle, middle, upper-middle, or upper class in terms of values, attitudes, and beliefs.
E) a mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources, what they consider important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The alternative evaluation stage clarifies the problem for the consumer by __________, yielding brand names that might meet the criteria, and developing the consumer value perception that each alternative presents.


A) evaluating particular products
B) selecting the type of purchase outlet
C) suggesting criteria to use for the purchase
D) minimizing cognitive dissonance
E) establishing a purchase timeline

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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You need to buy a gift for a young cousin's birthday. You go to the mall and see a girl wearing a Hello Kitty T-shirt. You remember there is a store in the mall with a lot of Hello Kitty merchandise so you go there and buy a little backpack. When you give it to your cousin, she is very excited. In terms of behavioral learning, seeing the girl with the Hello Kitty shirt was a


A) drive.
B) reinforcement.
C) cue.
D) response.
E) prompt.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Psychologists point out that an individual's needs may be hierarchical; that is, once one set of needs is met, people seek to satisfy the next set of needs in the hierarchy. Name each of the five levels in the hierarchy in order and give an example of each.

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Physiological needs, the lowest level in...

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BzzAgent researches a product or service before committing to a campaign and rejects about __________ of the companies that seek its service.


A) 20 percent
B) 40 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 70 percent
E) 80 percent

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about subliminal perception is most accurate?


A) The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) believes that subliminal perception can be effective with a large majority of consumers.
B) Subliminal messages are illegal in the United States.
C) Subliminal messages are more effective now due to the advances in computer-generated images in movies and TV programs.
D) About half of U.S. consumers think that subliminal messages can cause them to buy products and services they don't want.
E) The use of subliminal messaging is monitored by the Better Business Bureau.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources, what they consider important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them is referred to as


A) culture.
B) psychographics.
C) social class.
D) lifestyle.
E) reference group.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements about Hispanic buying patterns is most accurate?


A) Hispanics are often brand loyal and willing to pay a premium price for premium quality.
B) Hispanic buying preferences are strongly influenced by contemporary fads and fashions.
C) Hispanics are dubious about using advertising as an information source.
D) Convenience is an essential product attribute for Hispanic homemakers with respect to food preparation or consumption.
E) Uniquely Hispanic buying patterns have virtually disappeared over the past 10 years due to increased assimilation.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The point at which you would exchange money for a sandwich of corned beef on rye is in the ____________ stage.


A) purchase decision
B) information search
C) problem recognition
D) alternative evaluation
E) option identification

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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What percentage of all consumer conversations about brands happen online?


A) 5 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 15 percent
D) 25 percent
E) 40 percent

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Lexi wants to find the perfect gift for her older sister's college graduation. She started looking for the gift last month and expects to spend another couple of weeks to find a gift her sister will use and like. Lexi is engaging in


A) routine problem solving.
B) limited problem solving.
C) extended problem solving.
D) problem recognition.
E) integrated problem solving.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Julie is an avid mystery reader and her babysitter Tina has been borrowing some of her books over the summer. When Tina's birthday approaches, Julie wants to buy her a good mystery. When Julie was trying to recall her favorite mystery authors, she was engaged in


A) problem recognition.
B) an internal search.
C) an external search.
D) a purchase task.
E) the precognition of an antecedent state.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The __________ influences are those present in the purchase situation, which will affect the purchase decision process.


A) economic
B) situational
C) psychological
D) sociocultural
E) marketing mix

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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In the VALS framework, consumers motivated by self-expression desire social or physical activity, variety, and risk. One segment of the two self-expression-motivated groups, known as __________, express themselves and experience the world by working on it-growing vegetables or fixing a car.


A) Strivers
B) Experiencers
C) Believers
D) Makers
E) Survivors

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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