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Which of the following statements is TRUE?


A) If the N/Z ratio is too high, there are too many neutrons and the nuclide will convert a neutron to a proton via beta decay.
B) If the N/Z ratio lies somewhere below 1, the nuclide is stable.
C) If the N/Z ratio is too low, there are too many neutrons and the nuclide will undergo beta decay.
D) The valley of stability is the geographic location where many of the known nuclides were first discovered.
E) All stable nuclei have an N/Z ratio equal to 1.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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If we start with 1.000 g of cobalt-60, 0.675 g will remain after 3.00 y. This means that the half-life of cobalt-60 is ________ y.


A) 3.08
B) 4.44
C) 2.03
D) 5.29
E) 7.65

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Describe what changes occur in the atomic nucleus during alpha decay.


A) The mass number and atomic number decrease.
B) The mass number and atomic number increase.
C) The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number decreases.
D) The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number increases.
E) The mass number and atomic number do not change.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Above what atomic number are there no stable isotopes of any element?


A) 20
B) 92
C) 83
D) 40
E) 89

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma H + Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma H ? Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma He + ? + Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma g


A) Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma e
B) Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma n
C) Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma e
D) Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma H
E) Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: H + H ? He + ? + g A) e B) n C) e D) H E) \gamma γ\gamma

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The following reaction represents what nuclear process? The following reaction represents what nuclear process? Am → He + Np A) beta emission B) neutron bombardment C) alpha emission D) electron capture E) positron emission Am → The following reaction represents what nuclear process? Am → He + Np A) beta emission B) neutron bombardment C) alpha emission D) electron capture E) positron emission He + The following reaction represents what nuclear process? Am → He + Np A) beta emission B) neutron bombardment C) alpha emission D) electron capture E) positron emission Np


A) beta emission
B) neutron bombardment
C) alpha emission
D) electron capture
E) positron emission

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if the mass of an Fe-56 nucleus is 55.921 amu. The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.


A) 0.528 amu
B) 3.507 amu
C) 0.564 amu
D) 1.056 amu
E) 0.079 amu

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Cl. A) Ar B) K C) S D) P E) Ar Cl.


A) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Cl. A) Ar B) K C) S D) P E) Ar Ar
B) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Cl. A) Ar B) K C) S D) P E) Ar K
C) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Cl. A) Ar B) K C) S D) P E) Ar S
D) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Cl. A) Ar B) K C) S D) P E) Ar P
E) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Cl. A) Ar B) K C) S D) P E) Ar Ar

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of C. A) N B) Be C) N D) C E) B C.


A) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of C. A) N B) Be C) N D) C E) B N
B) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of C. A) N B) Be C) N D) C E) B Be
C) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of C. A) N B) Be C) N D) C E) B N
D) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of C. A) N B) Be C) N D) C E) B C
E) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of C. A) N B) Be C) N D) C E) B B

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Stable isotopes with low atomic numbers have an N/Z ratio of 1. What does that imply?


A) The number of neutrons equals the number of protons.
B) The number of neutrons equals the number of electrons plus protons.
C) The number of protons equals the number of electrons.
D) The atomic number equals the atomic mass.
E) The number of protons equals the number of electrons plus neutrons.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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positron Match the following.


A) positron Match the following. A) e B) He C) e D) \gamma E) p F) n e
B) positron Match the following. A) e B) He C) e D) \gamma E) p F) n He
C) positron Match the following. A) e B) He C) e D) \gamma E) p F) n e
D) positron Match the following. A) e B) He C) e D) \gamma E) p F) n γ\gamma
E) positron Match the following. A) e B) He C) e D) \gamma E) p F) n p
F) positron Match the following. A) e B) He C) e D) \gamma E) p F) n n

G) A) and D)
H) E) and F)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant?


A) ln Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) = = - Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) =
B) Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) = = - ln Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) =
C) Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) = = 0.693 × k
D) Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) = = Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) =
E) Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) = = Which of the following equations shows the correct relationship between the half-cell of a nuclide and the radioactive decay rate constant? A) ln = - B) = - ln C) = 0.693 × k D) = E) =

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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The splitting of the uranium atom is called ________.


A) radioactive cleavage
B) nuclear fission
C) nuclear fusion
D) radioactive merge
E) the half-life

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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Nuclides above the valley of stability can become more stable through which of the following processes?


A) beta emission
B) positron emission
C) gamma emission
D) electron capture
E) neutron bombardment

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via beta decay?


A) I-126
B) Al-24
C) N-13
D) Cs-137
E) Na-20

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Complete the following equation of transmutation. Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n N + Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n He ? Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n O + ______


A) Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n e
B) Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n γ\gamma
C) Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n e
D) Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n H
E) Complete the following equation of transmutation. N + He ? O + ______ A) e B) \gamma C) e D) H E) n n

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Identify the symptom experienced from radiation exposure.


A) increased ability to absorb nutrients
B) sneezing
C) death
D) decreased risk of cancer
E) weaker immune system

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following nuclides is most likely to undergo beta decay?


A) Which of the following nuclides is most likely to undergo beta decay? A) Pt B) Pt C) Pt D) Pt Pt
B) Which of the following nuclides is most likely to undergo beta decay? A) Pt B) Pt C) Pt D) Pt Pt
C) Which of the following nuclides is most likely to undergo beta decay? A) Pt B) Pt C) Pt D) Pt Pt
D) Which of the following nuclides is most likely to undergo beta decay? A) Pt B) Pt C) Pt D) Pt Pt

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F. A) Na B) F C) N D) O E) Ne F.


A) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F. A) Na B) F C) N D) O E) Ne Na
B) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F. A) Na B) F C) N D) O E) Ne F
C) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F. A) Na B) F C) N D) O E) Ne N
D) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F. A) Na B) F C) N D) O E) Ne O
E) Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F. A) Na B) F C) N D) O E) Ne Ne

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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Potassium-40 decays to argon-40 with a half-life of 1.27 × 109 yr. The age of a mineral sample that has a mass ratio of 40Ar to 40K of 0.812 is ________ y.


A) 1.56 × 109
B) 1.02 × 109
C) 1.47 × 109
D) 7.55 × 108
E) 1.09 × 109

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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