Question 1

Describe the effects of excess alcohol intake on folate utilization.

Accepted Answer

Chronic alcohol abuse not only displaces...

Question 2

Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sorbitol
B)  Pyruvate
C)  Acetyl CoA
D)  Acetoacetate
E)  OxaloacetateF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

What are the products of the complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea and acetone
B)  Fatty acids and glycerol
C)  Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
D)  Water, carbon dioxide, and energy
E)  Pyruvate and acetyl CoAF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

The number of ATP molecules that can be produced from a molecule of protein, fat, or carbohydrate is generally related to the number of atoms of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon
B)  oxygen
C)  nitrogen
D)  hydrogen
E)  potassiumF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ketones
B)  fructose
C)  pyruvate
D)  acetyl CoA
E)  lactateF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Which statement defines a coenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  A unit consisting of an enzyme bound to reactants plus ATP
B)  An organic molecule required for the functioning of an enzyme
C)  The small, active part of an enzyme that binds to the organic reactants
D)  An inactive enzyme that becomes functional upon contact with specific cofactors
E)  An enzyme precursorF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

How does the body respond to a low-carbohydrate diet?

Accepted Answer

When a person consumes a low-carbohydrat...

Question 8

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people with chronic alcohol abuse stems primarily from a deficiency of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  folate
B)  thiamin
C)  antidiuretic hormone
D)  alcohol dehydrogenase
E)  proteinF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

Which reaction is characterized as anabolic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyruvate synthesis from glucose
B)  Acetyl CoA synthesis from cholesterol
C)  Carbon dioxide synthesis from citric acid
D)  Cholesterol synthesis from acetyl CoA molecules
E)  Hydrolysis of glycogen to glucoseF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

What accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatty acids have a lower percentage of hydrogen-oxygen bonds.
B)  Fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds.
C)  Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-carbon bonds.
D)  Other energy-yielding nutrients undergo fewer metabolic reactions, thereby lowering the energy yield.
E)  Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-hydrogen bonds.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell uses energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP.
B)  ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP.
C)  ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP.
D)  ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP.
E)  ADP and ATP cycle back and forth repeatedly.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Which item is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ketones
B)  Glycerol
C)  Fatty acids
D)  Amino acids
E)  ProteinF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Which statement describes lactate production by muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs only during intense exercise.
B)  When rapid, it causes muscle fatigue.
C)  It produces lactate that may eventually be used by the liver for glucose production.
D)  It lowers the pH of the muscle cell, thereby lowering muscle performance.
E)  It is an aerobic process.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Which statement describes a correct energy-yielding endpoint?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrates yield glucose only when proteins are not available.
B)  Proteins cannot yield fat stores.
C)  Fatty acids yield amino acids.
D)  Glycerol yields nonessential amino acids when nitrogen is present.
E)  Fatty acids yield glucose.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which process leads to the production of urea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxidation of glucose
B)  Oxidation of amino acids
C)  Incomplete oxidation of fatty acids
D)  Synthesis of protein from amino acids
E)  Incomplete oxidation of glycerolF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

How does excess carbohydrate intake contribute to obesity?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is efficiently converted to storage fat.
B)  It spares oxidation of body fat and dietary fat.
C)  It stimulates glucagon release, resulting in inhibition of fatty acid oxidation.
D)  It stimulates pancreatic lipase secretion, which results in higher dietary fat absorption.
E)  It results in large amounts of glycogen storage that is increased as carbohydrate consumption increases.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Discuss ways in which the body's metabolism adapts to conditions of fasting/starvation. How do these adaptations affect the rate of weight loss when a person follows a low-kcalorie diet?

Accepted Answer

During fasting, carbohydrate, fat, and p...

Question 18

MATCHING
-A small non-protein organic substance that promotes optimal activity of an enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethyl
B)  Urea
C)  MEOS
D)  Water
E)  GlucoseF) EnzymeG) GlycogenH) GlycerolI) AmmoniaJ) CoenzymeK) Cori cycleL) LactateM) AcetoacetateN) Acetyl CoAO) PyruvateP) TriglycerideQ) Gastric alcohol dehydrogenaseR) Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogenS) Synthesis of cholesterol from acetateT) Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucoseU) I) and J)
V) P) and T)

Question 19

An aerobic reaction is one that requires ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol
B)  oxygen
C)  nitrogen
D)  ammonia
E)  glucoseF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Which reaction is characterized as catabolic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose formation from glycerol
B)  Pyruvate formation from glucose
C)  Albumin formation from amino acids
D)  Palmitic acid formation from acetate
E)  Formation of triglycerides from glycerol and fatty acidsF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Exam 7: Energy Metabolism

How does excess carbohydrate intake contribute to obesity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process leads to the production of urea?

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Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people with chronic alcohol abuse stems primarily from a deficiency of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which reaction is characterized as catabolic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An aerobic reaction is one that requires ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss ways in which the body's metabolism adapts to conditions of fasting/starvation. How do these adaptations affect the rate of weight loss when a person follows a low-kcalorie diet?

Correct AnswerverifiedDuring fasting, carbohydrate, fat, and p...View AnswerShow Answer

Which statement describes lactate production by muscle cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which item is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement describes a correct energy-yielding endpoint?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of ATP molecules that can be produced from a molecule of protein, fat, or carbohydrate is generally related to the number of atoms of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the effects of excess alcohol intake on folate utilization.

Correct AnswerverifiedChronic alcohol abuse not only displaces...View AnswerShow Answer

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell uses energy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the body respond to a low-carbohydrate diet?

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen a person consumes a low-carbohydrat...View AnswerShow Answer

What are the products of the complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement defines a coenzyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MATCHING -A small non-protein organic substance that promotes optimal activity of an enzyme

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which reaction is characterized as anabolic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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During fasting, carbohydrate, fat, and p...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Chronic alcohol abuse not only displaces...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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When a person consumes a low-carbohydrat...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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