Question 1

What is the definition of molecular water?

Accepted Answer

A)   water in the gaseous form
B)   water in the liquid form
C)   water in the solid form
D)   water in either gaseous or liquid formE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

When breathing room air,what is the PN₂ in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A)   573 mm Hg
B)   593 mm Hg
C)   700 mm Hg
D)   473 mmHgE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

In a healthy adult at rest at sea level,what is the normal carbon dioxide gradient across the alveolar capillary membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)   6 mm Hg
B)   60 mm Hg
C)   40 mm Hg
D)   27 mm HgE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which law is represented by the equation below?
V gas = [AD (P1-P2) ] / T

Accepted Answer

A)   Fick's law
B)   Dalton's law
C)   Henry's law
D)   Boyle's lawE) A) and B)
F) None of the above A

Question 5

What is the term for the movement of gas molecules from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion
B)   osmosis
C)   dispersion
D)   ventilationE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

What is the term for the situation in which "the rate of gas transfer across the alveolar wall is a function of the amount of blood that flows past the alveoli" ?

Accepted Answer

A)   perfusion limited
B)   diffusion limited
C)   diffusion
D)   penduluftE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

What is the normal value for the respiratory exchange ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.8
B)   1.0
C)   0.6
D)   1.25E) B) and D)
F) A) and B) A

Question 8

Under normal resting conditions,what is the total transit time required for blood to move through the alveolar capillary system?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.75 seconds
B)   0.25 seconds
C)   0.5 seconds
D)   1 secondE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

When breathing FIO₂ 1.0 at seal level,what would the PN₂ in the alveoli equal?

Accepted Answer

A)   0
B)   573 mm Hg
C)   593 mm Hg
D)   47 mm HgE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

At sea level,what does the PN₂ of the atmosphere equal in mmHg ?

Accepted Answer

A)   593 mm Hg
B)   760 mm Hg
C)   159 mm Hg
D)   100 mmHgE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

At sea level,what would the PAO2equal if the PB is 760 mm Hg,the PaCO₂ is 40 mm Hg with F1O₂ 1.0?

Accepted Answer

A)   673 mm Hg
B)   600 mm Hg
C)   573 mm Hg
D)   100 mm HgE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

What are the middle three layers (4-5-6) that an oxygen molecule must cross when moving from the alveoli into the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   interstitial space, basement membrane of the capillary endothelium, and the capillary endothelium
B)   the liquid lining the intra-alveolar membrane, alveolar epithelial cell, and the basement membrane of the alveolar epithelial cell
C)   interstitial space, basement membrane of the capillary endothelium, and the intracellular fluid of the erythrocyte
D)   plasma of the capillary blood, the erythrocyte membrane, and the intracellular fluid in the erythrocyte.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C) A

Question 13

Why is supplemental oxygen indicate when acute alveolar inflammation is superimposed on chronic interstitial lung diseaset?

Accepted Answer

A)   Diffusion is indirectly related to thickness of the a-c membrane and directly related to the pressure gradient (P1-P2)  so diffusion will be enhanced with supplemental O₂
B)   Diffusion is indirectly related to thickness of the a-c membrane and indirectly related to the pressure gradient (P1-P2)  so diffusion will be enhanced with supplemental O₂
C)   Diffusion is directly related to thickness of the a-c membrane and directly related to the pressure gradient (P1-P2)  so diffusion will be enhanced with supplemental O₂
D)   Diffusion is directly related to thickness of the a-c membrane and indirectly related to the pressure gradient (P1-P2)  so diffusion will be enhanced with supplemental O₂E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

When can the simplified alveolar gas equation be used?
I.PaCO₂ less than 60 mm Hg
II.PaCO₂ greater than 60 mm Hg
III.FIO₂ 0.6 or greater
IV.FIO₂ 0.6 or lower

Accepted Answer

A)   I and III only
B)   II and IV only
C)   I only
D)   II onlyE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

For a healthy adult at rest,what is the normal pressure gradient for oxygen across the alveolar-capillary membrane when breathing room air at sea level?

Accepted Answer

A)   60 mm Hg
B)   6 mm Hg
C)   40 mm Hg
D)   46 mm HgE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 16

What percentage of the atmosphere does nitrogen compose?

Accepted Answer

A)   78%
B)   88%
C)   68%
D)   58%E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which gas law is the law of partial pressures?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dalton's law
B)   Henry's law
C)   Boyle's law
D)   Graham's lawE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following conditions reduce the alveolar surface area?
I.Emphysema
II.Excessive airway secretions
III.Pneumothorax
IV.Sinusitits

Accepted Answer

A)   I, II, and III only
B)   I, II, III, and IV
C)   I and III only
D)   I onlyE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

What is absolute humidity of alveolar gas?

Accepted Answer

A)   44 mg/L
B)   47 mg/L
C)   40 mg/L
D)   21 mg/LE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

In a healthy individual at rest,what is the average carbon dioxide tension of venous content blood as it enters the pulmonary capillary?

Accepted Answer

A)   46 mm Hg
B)   40 mm Hg
C)   35 mm Hg
D)   27 mm HgE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 4: The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

What is the definition of molecular water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When breathing room air,what is the PN₂ in the alveoli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a healthy adult at rest at sea level,what is the normal carbon dioxide gradient across the alveolar capillary membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which law is represented by the equation below? V gas = [AD (P1-P2) ] / T

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What is the term for the movement of gas molecules from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term for the situation in which "the rate of gas transfer across the alveolar wall is a function of the amount of blood that flows past the alveoli" ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the normal value for the respiratory exchange ratio?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Under normal resting conditions,what is the total transit time required for blood to move through the alveolar capillary system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When breathing FIO₂ 1.0 at seal level,what would the PN₂ in the alveoli equal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At sea level,what does the PN₂ of the atmosphere equal in mmHg ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At sea level,what would the PAO2equal if the PB is 760 mm Hg,the PaCO₂ is 40 mm Hg with F1O₂ 1.0?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the middle three layers (4-5-6) that an oxygen molecule must cross when moving from the alveoli into the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Why is supplemental oxygen indicate when acute alveolar inflammation is superimposed on chronic interstitial lung diseaset?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When can the simplified alveolar gas equation be used? I.PaCO₂ less than 60 mm Hg II.PaCO₂ greater than 60 mm Hg III.FIO₂ 0.6 or greater IV.FIO₂ 0.6 or lower

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For a healthy adult at rest,what is the normal pressure gradient for oxygen across the alveolar-capillary membrane when breathing room air at sea level?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of the atmosphere does nitrogen compose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which gas law is the law of partial pressures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditions reduce the alveolar surface area? I.Emphysema II.Excessive airway secretions III.Pneumothorax IV.Sinusitits

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is absolute humidity of alveolar gas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a healthy individual at rest,what is the average carbon dioxide tension of venous content blood as it enters the pulmonary capillary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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When breathing room air,what is the P_N₂ in the alveoli?

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When breathing F_IO₂ 1.0 at seal level,what would the P_N₂ in the alveoli equal?

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At sea level,what does the P_N₂ of the atmosphere equal in mmHg ?

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At sea level,what would the P_AO2equal if the P_B is 760 mm Hg,the PaCO₂ is 40 mm Hg with F₁O₂ 1.0?

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