A) One disadvantage of operating as a corporation rather than as a partnership is that corporate shareholders are exposed to more personal liability than partners.
B) There is no good reason to expect a firm's stockholders and bondholders to react differently to the types of new asset investments a firm makes.
C) Bondholders are generally more willing than stockholders to have managers invest in risky projects with high potential returns as opposed to safer projects with lower expected returns.
D) Stockholders are generally more willing than bondholders to have managers invest in risky projects with high potential returns as opposed to safer projects with lower expected returns.
E) Relative to sole proprietorships, corporations generally face fewer regulations, and this makes it easier for corporations to raise capital.
G) C) and D)
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A) Assuming Cheers is profitable, less of its income will be subject to income taxes.
B) Cheers will now be subject to fewer regulations.
C) Cheers' shareholders (the ex-partners) will now be exposed to less liability.
D) Cheers' investors will be exposed to less liability, but they will find it more difficult to transfer their ownership.
E) Cheers will find it more difficult to raise additional capital.
G) A) and C)
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A) A futures market transaction.
B) A primary market transaction.
C) A secondary market transaction.
D) A money market transaction.
E) An over-the-counter market transaction.
G) A) and B)
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A) Corporations generally find it relatively difficult to raise large amounts of capital.
B) Less of a corporation's income is generally subjected to taxes than would be true if the firm were a partnership.
C) Corporate shareholders escape liability for the firm's debts, but this factor may be offset by the tax disadvantages of the corporate form of organization.
D) Corporate investors are exposed to unlimited liability.
E) Corporations generally face relatively few regulations.
G) A) and B)
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A) It subjects the firm to additional regulations.
B) It cannot affect the amount of the firm's operating income that goes to taxes.
C) It makes it more difficult for the firm to raise additional capital.
D) It makes the firm's investors subject to greater potential personal liabilities.
E) It makes it more difficult for the firm's investors to transfer their ownership interests.
G) None of the above
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A) The proper goal of the financial manager should be to attempt to maximize the firm's expected cash flows, because this will add the most to the wealth of the individual shareholders.
B) The financial manager should seek that combination of assets, liabilities, and capital that will generate the largest expected projected after-tax income over the relevant time horizon, generally the coming year.
C) The riskiness inherent in a firm's earnings per share (EPS) depends on the characteristics of the projects the firm selects, and thus on the firm's assets. However, EPS is not affected by the manner in which those assets are financed.
D) Potential agency problems can arise between stockholders and managers, because managers hired as agents to act on behalf of the owners may instead make decisions favorable to themselves rather than the stockholders.
E) Large, publicly-owned firms like AT&T and GM are controlled by their management teams. Ownership is generally widely dispersed, hence managers have great freedom in how they manage the firm. Managers may operate in stockholders' best interests, but they may also operate in their own personal best interests. As long as managers stay within the law, there is no way to either force or motivate them to act in the stockholders' best interests.
G) All of the above
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A) This is an example of an exchange of physical assets.
B) This is an example of a primary market transaction.
C) This is an example of a direct transfer of capital.
D) This is an example of a money market transaction.
E) This is an example of a derivatives market transaction.
G) None of the above
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B) False
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B) False
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A) In a regular partnership, liability for other partners' misdeeds is limited to the amount of a particular partner's investment in the business.
B) Partnerships have more difficulty attracting large amounts of capital than corporations because of such factors as unlimited liability, the need to reorganize when a partner dies, and the illiquidity (difficulty buying and selling) of partnership interests.
C) A slow-growth company, with little need for new capital, would be more likely to organize as a corporation than would a faster growing company.
D) In a limited partnership, the limited partners have voting control, while the general partner has operating control over the business. Also, the limited partners are individually responsible, on a pro rata basis, for the firm's debts in the event of bankruptcy.
E) A major disadvantage of all partnerships relative to all corporations is the fact that income taxes must be paid by the partners rather than by the firm itself.
G) A) and C)
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A) One of the disadvantages of incorporating a business is that the owners then become subject to liabilities in the event the firm goes bankrupt.
B) Sole proprietorships are subject to more regulations than corporations.
C) In any type of partnership, every partner has the same rights, privileges, and liability exposure as every other partner.
D) Sole proprietorships and partnerships generally have a tax advantage over many corporations, especially large ones.
E) Corporations of all types are subject to the corporate income tax.
G) A) and E)
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A) A corporation's short-run profits will almost always increase if the firm takes actions that the government has determined are in the best interests of the nation.
B) Firms and government agencies almost always agree with one another regarding the restrictions that should be placed on hiring and firing employees.
C) Although people's moral characters are probably developed before they get into a business school, it is still useful for business schools to cover ethics, including giving students an idea about the adverse consequences of unethical behavior to themselves, their firms, and the nation.
D) It is not useful for a large corporation to develop a formal set of rules defining ethical and unethical behavior. Such rules generally can't be applied in many specific instances, so it is better to deal with ethical issues on a case-by-case basis.
E) "Whistle blowers," because of the courage it takes to blow the whistle, are generally promoted more rapidly than other employees.
G) None of the above
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B) False
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B) False
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B) False
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A) If Disney issues additional shares of common stock through an investment banker, this would be a secondary market transaction.
B) If you purchased 100 shares of Disney stock from your brother-in-law, this would be an example of a primary market transaction.
C) The IPO market is a subset of the secondary market.
D) Only institutions, and not individuals, can participate in derivatives market transactions.
E) As they are generally defined, money market transactions involve debt securities with maturities of less than one year.
G) All of the above
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A) Corporations are at a disadvantage relative to partnerships because they have to file more reports to state and federal agencies, including the Securities and Exchange Administration, even if they are not publicly owned.
B) In a regular partnership, liability for the firm's debts is limited to the amount a particular partner has invested in the business.
C) A fast-growth company would be more likely to set up as a partnership for its business organization than would a slow-growth company.
D) Partnerships have difficulty attracting capital in part because of their unlimited liability, the lack of impermanence of the organization, and difficulty in transferring ownership.
E) A major disadvantage of a partnership relative to a corporation as a form of business organization is the high cost and practical difficulty of its formation.
G) C) and D)
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A) The corporate bylaws are a standard set of rules established by the state of incorporation. These rules are identical for all corporations in the state, and their purpose is to ensure that the firm's managers run the firm in accordance with state laws.
B) The corporate charter is a standard document prescribed by the state of incorporation, and its purpose is to ensure that the firm's managers run the firm in accordance with state laws. Procedures for electing corporate directors are contained in bylaws, while the declaration of the activities that the firm will pursue and the number of directors are included in the corporate charter.
C) Companies must establish a home office, or domicile, in a particular state, and that state must be the one in which most of their business (sales, manufacturing, and so forth) is conducted.
D) Attorney fees are generally involved when a company develops its charter and bylaws, but since these documents are voluntary, a new corporation can avoid these costs by deciding not to have either a charter or bylaws.
E) The corporate charter is concerned with things like what business the company will engage in, whereas the bylaws are concerned with things like procedures for electing the board of directors.
G) C) and E)
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A) Corporations generally are subject to fewer regulations and more favorable tax treatment than sole proprietorships and partnerships. This is why corporations do most of the business in the United States.
B) Managers who face the threat of hostile takeovers are less likely to pursue policies that maximize shareholder value than are managers who do not face the threat of hostile takeovers.
C) One advantage of the corporate form of organization is that liability of the owners of the firm is limited to their investment in the firm.
D) Because of their simplified organization, it is easier for sole proprietorships and partnerships to raise large amounts of outside capital than it is for corporations.
E) Bond covenants are an effective way to resolve conflicts between shareholders and managers.
G) A) and C)
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A) Proprietorship, because of ease of entry.
B) S corporation, to gain some tax advantages and also to obtain limited liability.
C) Partnership, but only if she needs additional capital.
D) Regular corporation, because of the limited liability.
E) In this situation, the various forms of organization seem equally desirable.
G) B) and D)
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