Question 1

The correct pathway for impulses leaving the retina is

Accepted Answer

A)   photoreceptors, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, and optic nerve.
B)   photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and optic nerve.
C)   photoreceptors, bipolar cells, optic nerve, and ganglion cells.
D)   photoreceptors, ganglion cells, optic nerve, and bipolar cells.
E)   ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptors, and optic nerve.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

The superior olivary nucleus

Accepted Answer

A)   generates the endocochlear potential.
B)   receives impulses from the vestibular nerve.
C)   helps localize high-pitched tones near the apex of the basilar membrane.
D)   sends efferent impulses that inhibit all hair cells not vibrating maximally.
E)   stimulates additional hair cells.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Match the eye structure with the appropriate description.
-Optic disc

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here
B)  A small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina
C)  The portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity
D)  A jelly-like substance in the posterior cavity of the eye
E)  The fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eyeF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following structures is part of the vascular tunic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Iris
B)   Retina
C)   Optic disc
D)   Fovea centralis
E)   CorneaF) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

Olfactory adaptation occurs when odorant receptors become ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   saturated
B)   destroyedC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 6

Jessica is sitting in a cafe and excess lacrimal fluid is spilling over her lower palpebrae. This means that Jessica

Accepted Answer

A)   is crying.
B)   has a runny nose.
C)   is drooling.
D)   has an middle ear infection.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The lacrimal glands

Accepted Answer

A)   cause a sty when inflamed.
B)   constantly produce a fluid called tears.
C)   are located in the superomedial corner of the orbit.
D)   are innervated by parasympathetic fibers from the oculomotor nerve.
E)   produce sebum.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

Which structure allows upper respiratory infections to spread from the throat to the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oval window
B)   Cochlear duct
C)   External auditory canal
D)   Auditory tubeE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Match the structure associated with hearing with the appropriate description.
-Organ of Corti

Accepted Answer

A)  Organ of hearing
B)  Passageway from the outside to the eardrum
C)  Interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone
D)  Tiny bones in the middle ear
E)  Connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymphF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Match the structure associated with hearing with the appropriate description.
-Auditory ossicles

Accepted Answer

A)  Organ of hearing
B)  Passageway from the outside to the eardrum
C)  Interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone
D)  Tiny bones in the middle ear
E)  Connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymphF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

Increased fluid accumulation in the cornea would result in

Accepted Answer

A)   a scattering of light rays.
B)   loss of pigment in the eye.
C)   a decrease in the strength of the tissue.
D)   an increase in the ability to transmit light to the retina.
E)   blockage of light rays.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Which tastant is NOT correctly matched with its process of depolarization?

Accepted Answer

A)   Salty - Na+
B)   Umami - G protein
C)   Bitter - K+
D)   Sour - H+
E)   Sweet - G proteinF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

What connects the stereocilia in a hair bundle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Calcium channels
B)   Tip links
C)   Spiral ligaments
D)   Outer hair cellsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Arrange the following list of membranes in correct sequence in which they function during the process of hearing.
(1)  Tectorial membrane
(2)  Vestibular membrane
(3)  Tympanic membrane
(4)  Basilar membrane

Accepted Answer

A)   1, 2, 3, 4
B)   3, 4, 1, 2
C)   3, 2, 4, 1
D)   2, 4, 3, 1
E)   4, 3, 2, 1F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 15

The taste of salts results when ________ diffuses through channels leading to depolarization of the taste cell. Similarly, sour is tasted when ________ lead(s)  to the depolarization of taste cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   H+, G protein mechanism
B)   Na+, H+
C)   Na+, amino acids
D)   umami, H+E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 16

You taste a sauce with the "tip of your tongue." These taste sensations would be carried via the ________ cranial nerve.

Accepted Answer

A)   facial (VII) 
B)   vagus (X) 
C)   trigeminal (V) 
D)   glossopharyngeal (IX) 
E)   hypoglossal (XII) F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Match the structure of the eye with the appropriate description.
-Cones

Accepted Answer

A)  Photoreceptor cells that function in black and white vision
B)  Photoreceptor cells that function in color vision
C)  The opening in the iris
D)  The innermost tunic of the eye
E)  A pigmented contractile structureF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 18

The central olfactory cortex areas are located in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal and temporal lobes
B)   frontal and parietal lobes
C)   parietal and temporal lobes
D)   temporal and occipital lobesE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Which ion causes depolarization in olfactory neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Na+
B)   Ca2+
C)   K+
D)   Both Na+ and K+ are correct.
E)   Both Na+ and Ca2+ are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Suppose there was a drug that could dramatically decrease mucus secretion. Which of the following may be a side effect of this drug?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased mucus secretion would also decrease a person's ability to smell due to less fluid associated with the olfactory organ.
B)   Decreased mucus secretion would enhance a person's ability to smell due to less of a barrier between the odors and the olfactory organ.
C)   Decreased mucus secretion would enhance a person's sense of taste due to the lack of mucus blocking access to the taste receptors.
D)   Decreased mucus secretion would not affect a person's special senses.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Exam 15: The Special Senses

Which structure allows upper respiratory infections to spread from the throat to the middle ear?

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You taste a sauce with the "tip of your tongue." These taste sensations would be carried via the ________ cranial nerve.

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Match the eye structure with the appropriate description. -Optic disc

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Increased fluid accumulation in the cornea would result in

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Olfactory adaptation occurs when odorant receptors become ________.

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Arrange the following list of membranes in correct sequence in which they function during the process of hearing. (1) Tectorial membrane (2) Vestibular membrane (3) Tympanic membrane (4) Basilar membrane

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The lacrimal glands

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Jessica is sitting in a cafe and excess lacrimal fluid is spilling over her lower palpebrae. This means that Jessica

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Which of the following structures is part of the vascular tunic?

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What connects the stereocilia in a hair bundle?

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Suppose there was a drug that could dramatically decrease mucus secretion. Which of the following may be a side effect of this drug?

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The superior olivary nucleus

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The taste of salts results when ________ diffuses through channels leading to depolarization of the taste cell. Similarly, sour is tasted when ________ lead(s) to the depolarization of taste cells.

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Which ion causes depolarization in olfactory neurons?

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Which tastant is NOT correctly matched with its process of depolarization?

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Match the structure associated with hearing with the appropriate description. -Auditory ossicles

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The central olfactory cortex areas are located in the ________.

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Match the structure of the eye with the appropriate description. -Cones

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The correct pathway for impulses leaving the retina is

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Match the structure associated with hearing with the appropriate description. -Organ of Corti

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The taste of salts results when diffuses through channels leading to depolarization of the taste cell. Similarly, sour is tasted when lead(s) to the depolarization of taste cells.

Correct Answer
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